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Background: During COVID-19 pandemic there emerged a need to efficiently monitor and process large volumes of scientific literature on the subject. Currently, as the pandemic is winding down, the clinicians encountered a novel syndrome - Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) - that affects over 10% of those who contract SARS-CoV-2 and presents a significant and growing challenge in the medical field. The continuous influx of new research publications underscores a critical need for efficient tools for navigating the literature. Objectives: We aimed to develop an application which will allow monitoring and categorizing COVID-19-related literature through building publication networks and medical subject headings (MeSH) maps to be able to quickly identify key publications and publication networks. Methods: We introduce CORACLE (COVID-19 liteRAture CompiLEr), an innovative web application designed for the analysis of COVID-19-related scientific articles and the identification of research trends. CORACLE features three primary interfaces: The "Search" interface, which displays research trends and citation links; the "Citation Map" interface, allowing users to create tailored citation networks from PubMed Identifiers (PMIDs) to uncover common references among selected articles; and the "MeSH" interface, highlighting current MeSH trends and associations between MeSH terms. Results: Our web application, CORACLE, leverages regularly updated PubMed data to aggregate and categorize the extensive literature on COVID-19 and PASC, aiding in the identification of relevant research publication hubs. Using lung function in PASC patients as a search example, we demonstrate how to identify and visualize the interactions between the relevant publications. Conclusion: CORACLE proves to be an effective tool for the extraction and analysis of literature. Its functionalities, including the MeSH trends and customizable citation mapping, facilitate the discovery of relevant information and emerging trends in COVID-19 and PASC research.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
As the world economy recovers from the coronavirus pandemic, we used coal in large quantities to fuel economic growth. The issue of excessive carbon emissions is once again causing concern. In this context, how to cope with the risks faced by offshore wind power projects and choose the most favorable PPP project operation mode has become a hot research issue in the dual-carbon background. This study identifies risk factors for offshore wind power PPP projects and constructs an analytical hierarchical process consistent with a triangular ambiguity number for empowerment. The VIKOR hesitancy fuzzy multi-attribute method based on prospect theory is used for the terminal decision and comparative analysis. We have constructed a model of operational mode selection for PPP projects for offshore wind power generation and verified its practicality and scientificity through empirical calculations. This paper discusses and points out the rational progress model of future offshore wind power project PPP model and based on this maximizes the venture of offshore wind power PPP project. The above studies are expected to provide a useful reference for the reasonable burden of offshore wind PPP projects and the development of current energy sources in a low-carbon context.
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Ethnopharmacological relevance Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. contains varieties of function compounds, and it has been used as traditional drug for centuries. Baicalein is the highest amount of flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi., which exerts various pharmacological activities and might be a promising drug to treat COVID-19. Aim of the study The present work aims to investigate the metabolism of baicalein in humans after oral administrations, and study the pharmacokinetics of BA and its seven metabolites in plasma and urine. Materials and methods The metabolism profiling and the identification of baicalein metabolites were performed on HPLC-Q-TOF. Then a column-switching method named MPX™-2 system was applied for the high-throughput determination of BA and seven metabolites. Results Seven metabolites were identified using HPLC-Q-TOF, including sulfate, glucuronide, glucoside, and methyl-conjugated metabolites. Pharmacokinetic study found that BA was extensively metabolized in vivo, and only 5.65% of the drug remained intact in the circulatory system after single dosing. Baicalein-7-O-sulfate and baicalein-6-O-glucuronide-7-O-glucuronide were the most abundant metabolites. About 7.2% of the drug was excreted through urine and mostly was metabolites. Conclusion Seven conjugated metabolites were identified in our assay. A high-throughput HPLC-MS/MS method using column switch was established for quantifying BA and its metabolites. The method has good sensitivity and reproducibility, and successfully applied for the clinical pharmacokinetic study of baicalein and identified metabolites. We expect that our results will provide a metabolic and pharmacokinetic foundation for the potential application of baicalein in medicine.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between the comfort and protection of masks under different simulated wearing methods, so as to provide reasonable suggestions for medical staff on how to wear masks. METHODS: The N95 mask and disposable mask commonly used by medical staff were choose to design five wearing methods are designed: Single layer disposable mask(Single-D), Double layer disposable mask(Double-DD), Single layer N95 mask(Single-N), N95 mask inside + Disposable mask outside(Double-ND), Disposable mask inside + N95 mask outside(Double-DN). According to the mask standard GB 19083-2010, the filter efficiency, moisture permeability, respiratory resistance, resistance to synthetic blood penetration and moisture resistance of masks under different wearing modes were tested. RESULTS: Compared with Single-N methods, the filtration efficiency, moisture resistance and anti-synthetic blood penetration of the Double-ND and Double-DN methods had no significant difference, the moisture permeability was significantly lower than that of Single-N mode(P<0.05), and the respiratory resistance was significantly higher than that of Single-N mode(P<0.05). Compared with Single-D modes, the moisture resistance and synthetic blood penetration of Double-DD had no significant difference, the filtration efficiency was significantly higher than that of Single-D mode(P<0.05), the moisture permeability was significantly lower than that of Single-D mode(P<0.05), and the respiratory resistance was significantly higher than that of Single-D mode(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The Single-layer N95 wearing mode(Single-N) is sufficient to meet the protection requirements. The double-layer wearing mode(Double-ND, Double-DN, Double-DD) seriously affects the wearing comfort and increases the risk of infection and leakage, which is not recommended for use.
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To solve the problem of volunteer dispatch during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, a many-to-many two-sided matching volunteer dispatch method based on an improved predator-search algorithm is proposed. First, different evaluation index sets for volunteers and rescue tasks were developed, and weightings were determined using the analytic hierarchy process. Subsequently, the actual and expected values of the different indicators of the two parties were determined, and the triangular fuzzy number was used to calculate the satisfaction of the two parties. Based on this number, we used a linear weighting method to calculate the combined satisfaction and build a many-to-many two-sided matching model according to the demands of both parties. Subsequently, an improved predator-search algorithm was used to solve the model. Finally, taking the recruitment of volunteers for pneumonia epidemic prevention and control in Chun'an County as an example, the method proposed in our study was verified. A comparison and analysis of the results further demonstrated the feasibility and advantages of this method.
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Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are associated with a range of respiratory symptoms. The discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and SARS-CoV-2 pose a significant threat to human health. In this study, we developed a method (HCoV-MS) that combines multiplex PCR with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), to detect and differentiate seven HCoVs simultaneously. The HCoV-MS method had high specificity and sensitivity, with a 1–5 copies/reaction detection limit. To validate the HCoV-MS method, we tested 163 clinical samples, and the results showed good concordance with real-time PCR. Additionally, the detection sensitivity of HCoV-MS and real-time PCR was comparable. The HCoV-MS method is a sensitive assay, requiring only 1 μL of a sample. Moreover, it is a high-throughput method, allowing 384 samples to be processed simultaneously in 30 min. We propose that this method be used to complement real-time PCR for large-scale screening studies.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the scientific value of the three-level pre-viewing triage management practice by using "Alipay" health code and self-developed electronic version of screening table QR code to assist COVID-19 screening in a general hospital. METHODS: During Beijing Xinfadi wholesale market COVID-19 epidemic, the definition of epidemiological history and clinical symptom case of pre-viewing and triage were determined by referring to the COVID-19 Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol(Trial Seventh Edition). Through strengthening hospital import and export management, setting up the pre-viewing triage points scientifically, improving the three-level pre-viewing triage process by using information technology to improve efficiency, the three-level pre-viewing triage system was strictly implement. Data included information released by the country and the region, daily reports on the workload of the hospital. RESULTS: During the epidemic period in Beijing(June 11-July 5), the number of online appointments and the number of general outpatient clinics showed a downward trend compared with before and after period, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). The number of fever outpatient during the epidemic period in Xinfadi wholesale market accounted for 2.1%(6 647/322 041) of the total number of visits during the epidemic period, which was positively correlated with the number of confirmed cases in Xinfadi wholesale market(r_s=0.755). During the same period, the hospital confirmed 2 cases of coronal virus disease and 3 cases of asymptomatic infection;25 cases with positive epidemiological history and 920 cases with fever were detected, and all of them were guided to the fever clinic in an orderly manner. All medical staff and patients had zero infection. CONCLUSION: The three-level pre-viewing triage system is conductive to reduce the risk of nosocomial infection. The application of "QR code" is of great significance to improve the efficiency of pre-viewing triage and to achieve precise prevention and control of epidemics.
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This work aims to assess the feasibility of performing COVID-19 RNA tests in hospitals and communities experiencing SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreaks, to ultimately provide recommendations for hospitals with so-called fever clinics. In China, these specialized clinics within a hospital specifically receive outpatients with fever symptoms. A team with expertise in the Exposure Analysis and Critical Control Points (EACCP) framework identified potential infection routes during the testing for SARS-CoV-2, then constructed and tested flow diagrams, which were confirmed under actual conditions, demonstrating the feasibility to carry out in hospitals with fever clinics. The team determined critical control points to mitigate the exposure risks at each control point. The sampling and inactivation steps of clinical samples in fever clinics appeared to be associated with particularly high-risk levels of exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Moderate exposure levels were associated with storage and transportation of samples for inactivation; Low-risk levels associated with the transportation, storage, and detection steps after inactivation. To minimize infection risks for personnel, we proposed optimized processes to carry out SARS-CoV-2 RNA tests in hospitals with fever clinics in China. The high risk of SARS-CoV-2 exposure during procedures preceding testing is the sampling and biological inactivation; Simultaneously, full personal protective equipment and BSL2 laboratories in fever clinics or mobile BSL2 laboratories could reduce the risk. Implementing the EACCP framework could facilitate rapid responses to outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the sex differences in the clinical findings among patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: We retrospectively collected data of 47 patients diagnosed as severe type of COVID-19 from February 8 to 22, 2020, including demographics, illness history, physical examination, laboratory test, management, and compared differences between men and women. Results: Of the 47 patients, 28 (59.6%) were men. The median age was 62 years, and 30 (63.8%) had comorbidities. The initial symptoms were mainly fever (34 [72.3%]), cough (36 [76.6%]), myalgia (5 [10.6%]) and fatigue (7 [14.9%]). Procalcitonin level was higher in men than in women (0.08 vs. 0.04ng/ml, p=0.002). N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide increased in 16 (57.1%) men and 5 (26.3%) women (p=0.037). Five men (17.9%) had detected positive influenza A antibody, but no women. During 2-week admission, 5 (17.9%) men and 1 (5.3%) woman were reclassified into the critical type due to deterioration. Mortality was 3.6% in men and 0 in women respectively. Four (21.1%) women and one man (3.6%) recovered and discharged from hospital. Conclusion: Sex differences may exist in COVID-19 patients of severe type. Men are likely to have more complicated clinical condition and worse in-hospital outcomes as compared to women.